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<div class="content">
<h1>Here goes a title</h1>
<p>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque pellentesque diam ipsum, nec
ultricies sem mollis et. Phasellus porttitor nec felis quis ultricies. In venenatis faucibus nisl
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consequat et. Vestibulum id interdum orci, a aliquam sapien. Vivamus eu ipsum sollicitudin, aliquet
arcu ut, ornare massa. Suspendisse tincidunt lectus a odio ultrices interdum. Praesent vitae sodales
urna, vitae sagittis ex. Vivamus tincidunt nisi ultrices lectus dapibus, at placerat nisl elementum.
Fusce cursus, sapien in tincidunt pellentesque, mi erat mollis nibh, ut maximus tortor magna vitae
nibh.
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<p>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque pellentesque diam ipsum, nec
ultricies sem mollis et. Phasellus porttitor nec felis quis ultricies. In venenatis faucibus nisl
sed facilisis. Cras sapien nibh, dignissim at eros quis, commodo lobortis eros. Sed a massa
eleifend, dictum elit at, blandit magna. Nullam auctor enim nec orci luctus sagittis. Nunc blandit
quam nec laoreet egestas. Nulla feugiat nisl lacus, a viverra nisi hendrerit vitae. In nibh arcu,
sodales in enim tincidunt, tempus imperdiet ex. Aliquam fermentum augue magna, vel accumsan augue
consequat et. Vestibulum id interdum orci, a aliquam sapien. Vivamus eu ipsum sollicitudin, aliquet
arcu ut, ornare massa. Suspendisse tincidunt lectus a odio ultrices interdum. Praesent vitae sodales
urna, vitae sagittis ex. Vivamus tincidunt nisi ultrices lectus dapibus, at placerat nisl elementum.
Fusce cursus, sapien in tincidunt pellentesque, mi erat mollis nibh, ut maximus tortor magna vitae
nibh.
</p>
<h1>Here goes a title</h1>
<p>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ornare massa eget egestas purus viverra.
Molestie nunc non blandit massa enim nec dui. Arcu ac tortor dignissim convallis aenean
et tortor at. Nisi quis eleifend quam adipiscing vitae. Eget nunc lobortis mattis aliquam.
Integer vitae justo eget magna. Sed risus pretium quam vulputate dignissim suspendisse.
Nunc scelerisque viverra mauris in aliquam sem fringilla ut morbi.
Venenatis lectus magna fringilla urna porttitor rhoncus. Lectus vestibulum mattis ullamcorper velit sed.
</p>
<h1>Here goes a title</h1>
<p>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor
incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ornare massa eget egestas purus viverra.
Molestie nunc non blandit massa enim nec dui. Arcu ac tortor dignissim convallis aenean
et tortor at. Nisi quis eleifend quam adipiscing vitae. Eget nunc lobortis mattis aliquam.
Integer vitae justo eget magna. Sed risus pretium quam vulputate dignissim suspendisse.
Nunc scelerisque viverra mauris in aliquam sem fringilla ut morbi.
Venenatis lectus magna fringilla urna porttitor rhoncus. Lectus vestibulum mattis ullamcorper velit sed.
</p>
<h1>Figure demo</h1>
<p>
<img src="bau1.jpg">
</p>
<h1>Audio demo</h1>
<p>
<audio controls src="audio.mp3" type="audio/mp3"></audio>
</p>
<h1>Embed Youtube video</h1>
<p>
<div class="video-container">
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/AZjduAZwm6w" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
</p>
<h1>List of external links</h1>
<p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://stadtlabor.podigee.io">HFT Stadtlabor</a></li>
<li><a href="https://stadtlabor.podigee.io/5-05-vergessen-in-der-stadt-wie-die-stadtplanung-menschen-mit-demenz-helfen-kann">Vergessen in der Stadt</a></li>
</ul>
</p>
</div>
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</html>
public/biomass/index.html 0 → 100644
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta name="generator" content="GitLab Pages">
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../assets/css/style.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../assets/css/mobile.css">
</head>
<body>
<header id="header">
<div class="row">
<div class="logo" id="logo"></div>
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<div class="line"></div>
<div class="line"></div>
<div class="line"></div>
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<div class="content">
<h1>Biomass Simulator</h1>
<p>by Keyu Bao</p>
<p>SimStadt is an urban simulation tool in development during various research projects since 2015. Up to now the potential of photovoltaic, solar thermal energy and building heating demands can be assessed at the level of individual buildings. SimStadt uses the City Geography Mark-up Language (CityGML), which describes 3D urban building models.</p>
<p>Work has been conducted to extend SimStadt tool with a new FWE assessment extension. This work introduces a new workflow, which evaluates regional bioenergy potentials and its impact on water demand based on geographical information system (GIS)-based land use data, satellite maps on local crop types and soil types, and conversion factors from biomass to bioenergy. The actual annual biomass yield of crops is assessed through an automated process considering the factors of local climate, crop type, soil, and irrigation. The crop biomass yields are validated with historic statistical data, with deviation less than 7% in most cases. Additionally, the resulting bioenergy potentials yield between 10.7 and 12.0 GWh/ha compared with 13.3 GWh/ha from other studies. </p>
<p>Set of input and resulting maps for Marbach, Ludwigsburg county, Baden-Württemberg, is shown below. (a) Digital landscape model (DLM) map in polygons with land use; (b) satellite map in raster with crop type; (c) soil map; and (d) overlay of (a) and (b).</p>
<p>
<img src="https://www.mdpi.com/energies/energies-13-06488/article_deploy/html/images/energies-13-06488-g001.png">
</p>
<p>For the newly established workflow on regional bioenergy potentials, most of the predefined modules are not applicable due to the fact that the input data is land use polygons instead of building geometries, the exception being the import module that can read CityGML files regardless of the type of objects (building or land use polygon) and the weather model that imports the meteorological data in TMY3 format generated by Meteonorm for the specific region in hourly or monthly resolution. The meteorological data are stored in SimStadt and can be called in later steps. </p>
<p>To model bioenergy potentials more accurately than by using static values for all crops, a new module <q>YieldGenerator</q> was developed. Another module, <q>BiomassProcessor</q> then processes all land use polygons. Users can modify parameters, such as the annual forest wood energetic use rate, the share of energy crops such as corn and rapeseed that are actually used for energetic purposes, or the grass land energy usage rate. Further input parameters can also be imported from an XML configuration file step. The module analyses each land field polygon, tagged with a certain type of vegetation and soil. Therefore, the module was able to find the corresponding biomass yield of the crop on the soil, the possible bioenergy usages and bioenergy conversion coefficient from the XML configuration file. It then calculated the corresponding technical bioenergy energy potential, with the output being exported to a CSV file.</p>
<p>
<img src="https://www.mdpi.com/energies/energies-13-06488/article_deploy/html/images/energies-13-06488-g002.png">
</p>
<p>A small area of county Ludwigsburg, Marbach, was visualized with 3D buildings and satellite map. The red area represents area with very long biomass density, either with buildings, roads or water bodies. Each polygon has homogeneous density over all area because a polygon is assumed to be covered by one type of crop. Except for red build-up area, road and river, the only vegetation cover land type is farming land in this map. Different colours represent different biomass potential brought by different crop types.</p>
<span class="center"><img src="img/biomass_marbarch.jpg" alt="work flow 2" width="90%" height="90%" /></span>
<p>The detailed descripotion and findings of this workflow can be find in the following two open-sourced papers, which are funded by IN-Source project.</p>
<li>Bao, K.; Padsala, R.; Coors, V.; Thr&auml;n, D.; Schr&ouml;ter, B. A Method for Assessing Regional Bioenergy Potentials Based on GIS Data and a Dynamic Yield Simulation Model. Energies 2020, 13, 6488. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en13246488 </li>
<li>Bao K, Padsala R, Coors V, Thr&auml;n D, Schr&ouml;ter B (2020): GIS-Based Assessment of Regional Biomass Potentials at the Example of Two Counties in Germany. In European Biomass Conference and Exhibition Proceedings, pp. 77–85. DOI: 10.5071/28thEUBCE2020-1CV.4.15 .</li>
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