Merge branch 'dev' into 'master'

Version 3.17.0 Release

See merge request !28

.gitignore

@@ -4,3 +4,5 @@
 /CityDoctorParent/.idea/jarRepositories.xml
 /CityDoctorParent/.idea/misc.xml
 /CityDoctorParent/.idea/vcs.xml
+.idea
+/GUISettings.properties

.gitlab/.gitmessage

 # Title: Summary, imperative, start upper case, don't end with a period
+# Follow the formatting of <type>:<description>
 # No more than 50 chars. #### 50 chars is here:  #
 
+# Types: Fix, Feat, Build, CI, Docs, Perf, Refactor, Style, Test
+# See: https://www.conventionalcommits.org/en/v1.0.0/
 # Remember blank line between title and body.
 
 # Body: Explain *what* and *why* (not *how*). Include task ID (Jira issue).
 # Wrap at 72 chars. ################################## which is here:  #
 
 
-# At the end: Include Co-authored-by for all contributors. 
-# Include at least one empty line before it. Format: 
-# Co-authored-by: name <user@users.noreply.github.com>
-#
+# Tell Git to use this template with: git config commit.template .gitlab/.gitmessage
 # How to Write a Git Commit Message:
 # https://chris.beams.io/posts/git-commit/
\ No newline at end of file
-#
-# 1. Separate subject from body with a blank line
-# 2. Limit the subject line to 50 characters
-# 3. Capitalize the subject line
-# 4. Do not end the subject line with a period
-# 5. Use the imperative mood in the subject line
-# 6. Wrap the body at 72 characters
-# 7. Use the body to explain what and why vs. how
\ No newline at end of file

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -5,7 +5,24 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.1.0/),
 and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
-## [3.16.0] ((2024-11-11))
+## [3.17.0] (2025-03-13)
+
+### Added
+
+- Checking of CityGml ZIP-archives with CityDoctor (#12)
+
+### Changed
+
+- Changed GUI to allow loading and checking of ZIP-archives. (#12)
+
+### Fixes
+
+- Reworked self-intersection calculations to eliminate false-positives (#65)
+- CityGml objects added in 3.16.0 are now being recorded in error statistics and validation reports (#104)
+- Envelope and CRS will now be included when exporting singular features
+- Fixed various minor errors and bugs in CityDoctorGUI
+
+## [3.16.0] (2024-11-11)
 
 CityDoctor now supports the import, export and validation of CityGML 3.0 files.
 

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorCheckResult/pom.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0">
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 	<parent>
 		<groupId>de.hft.stuttgart</groupId>
 		<artifactId>CityDoctorParent</artifactId>
-		<version>3.16.0</version>
+		<version>3.17.0</version>
 	</parent>
 	<artifactId>CityDoctorCheckResult</artifactId>
 	<dependencies>

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorCheckResult/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/checkresult/CheckReport.java

@@ -105,6 +105,9 @@ public class CheckReport {
 			addFeatureReports(report, valResults.getTransportationReports());
 			addFeatureReports(report, valResults.getVegetationReports());
 			addFeatureReports(report, valResults.getWaterReports());
+			addFeatureReports(report, valResults.getTunnelReports());
+			addFeatureReports(report, valResults.getCityFurnitureReports());
+			addFeatureReports(report, valResults.getGenericCityObjectReports());
 		}
 	}
 

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorCheckResult/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/checkresult/GlobalErrorStatistics.java

@@ -43,6 +43,15 @@ public class GlobalErrorStatistics {
 	@XmlElement(name = "num_error_transportation")
 	private int numErrorTransportation;
 
+	@XmlElement(name = "num_error_tunnel_objects")
+	private int numErrorTunnelObjects;
+
+	@XmlElement(name = "num_error_city_furniture")
+	private int numErrorCityFurniture;
+
+	@XmlElement(name = "num_error_generic_city_objects")
+	private int numErrorGenericCityObjects;
+
 	public int getNumErrorBuildings() {
 		return numErrorBuildings;
 	}
@@ -91,5 +100,27 @@ public class GlobalErrorStatistics {
 		this.numErrorTransportation = numErrorTransportation;
 	}
 
+	public int getNumErrorTunnelObjects() {
+		return numErrorTunnelObjects;
+	}
 
+	public void setNumErrorTunnelObjects(int numErrorTunnelObjects) {
+		this.numErrorTunnelObjects = numErrorTunnelObjects;
+	}
+
+	public int getNumErrorCityFurniture() {
+		return numErrorCityFurniture;
+	}
+
+	public void setNumErrorCityFurniture(int numErrorCityFurniture) {
+		this.numErrorCityFurniture = numErrorCityFurniture;
+	}
+
+	public int getNumErrorGenericCityObjects() {
+		return numErrorGenericCityObjects;
+	}
+
+	public void setNumErrorGenericCityObjects(int numErrorGenericCityObjects) {
+		this.numErrorGenericCityObjects = numErrorGenericCityObjects;
+	}
 }

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorCheckResult/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/checkresult/ModelStatistics.java

@@ -43,6 +43,16 @@ public class ModelStatistics {
     @XmlElement(name = "num_water_objects", required = true)
     private int numWaterObjects;
 
+	@XmlElement(name = "num_tunnel_objects", required = true)
+	private int numTunnelObjects;
+
+	@XmlElement(name = "num_city_furniture", required = true)
+	private int numCityFurniture;
+
+	@XmlElement(name = "num_generic_city_objects", required = true)
+	private int numGenericCityObjects;
+
+
 	public int getNumBuildings() {
 		return numBuildings;
 	}
@@ -91,4 +101,27 @@ public class ModelStatistics {
 		this.numWaterObjects = numWaterObjects;
 	}
 
+	public int getNumTunnelObjects() {
+		return numTunnelObjects;
+	}
+
+	public void setNumTunnelObjects(int numTunnelObjects) {
+		this.numTunnelObjects = numTunnelObjects;
+	}
+
+	public int getNumCityFurniture() {
+		return numCityFurniture;
+	}
+
+	public void setNumCityFurniture(int numCityFurniture) {
+		this.numCityFurniture = numCityFurniture;
+	}
+
+	public int getNumGenericCityObjects() {
+		return numGenericCityObjects;
+	}
+
+	public void setNumGenericCityObjects(int numGenericCityObjects) {
+		this.numGenericCityObjects = numGenericCityObjects;
+	}
 }

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorCheckResult/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/checkresult/ValidationResults.java

@@ -51,6 +51,14 @@ public class ValidationResults {
 	@XmlElement(name = "water_object_report")
 	private List<FeatureReport> waterReports;
 
+	@XmlElement(name = "tunnel_report")
+	private List<FeatureReport> tunnelReports;
+
+	@XmlElement(name = "city_furniture_report")
+	private List<FeatureReport> cityFurnitureReports;
+
+	@XmlElement(name = "generic_city_object_report")
+	private List<FeatureReport> genericCityObjectReports;
 
 	public List<FeatureReport> getBuildingReports() {
 		if (buildingReports == null) {
@@ -129,6 +137,37 @@ public class ValidationResults {
 		this.waterReports = waterReports;
 	}
 
+	public List<FeatureReport> getTunnelReports() {
+		if (tunnelReports == null) {
+			tunnelReports = new ArrayList<>();
+		}
+		return tunnelReports;
+	}
+
+	public void setTunnelReports(List<FeatureReport> tunnelReports) {
+		this.tunnelReports = tunnelReports;
+	}
 
+	public List<FeatureReport> getCityFurnitureReports() {
+		if (cityFurnitureReports == null) {
+			cityFurnitureReports = new ArrayList<>();
+		}
+		return cityFurnitureReports;
+	}
+
+	public void setCityFurnitureReports(List<FeatureReport> cityFurnitureReports) {
+		this.cityFurnitureReports = cityFurnitureReports;
+	}
+
+	public List<FeatureReport> getGenericCityObjectReports() {
+		if (genericCityObjectReports == null) {
+			genericCityObjectReports = new ArrayList<>();
+		}
+		return genericCityObjectReports;
+	}
+
+	public void setGenericCityObjectReports(List<FeatureReport> genericCityObjectReports) {
+		this.genericCityObjectReports = genericCityObjectReports;
+	}
 
 }

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorEdge/pom.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0">
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 	<parent>
 		<groupId>de.hft.stuttgart</groupId>
 		<artifactId>CityDoctorParent</artifactId>
-		<version>3.16.0</version>
+		<version>3.17.0</version>
 	</parent>
 	<artifactId>CityDoctorEdge</artifactId>
 	<dependencies>

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorEdge/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/edge/Vector2d.java

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ public class Vector2d {
 		this.y = y;
 	}
 
-	@SuppressWarnings("SuspiciousNameCombination")
     public Vector2d getPerpendicularVector() {
 		return new Vector2d(y, -x);
 	}

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorModel/pom.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0">
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 	<parent>
 		<groupId>de.hft.stuttgart</groupId>
 		<artifactId>CityDoctorParent</artifactId>
-		<version>3.16.0</version>
+		<version>3.17.0</version>
 	</parent>
 	<properties>
 		<versionString>${project.version}-${git.commit.id.abbrev}</versionString>
@@ -58,6 +60,24 @@
 			<groupId>org.locationtech.proj4j</groupId>
 			<artifactId>proj4j</artifactId>
 		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.locationtech.proj4j</groupId>
+			<artifactId>proj4j-epsg</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
+            <version>2.16.1</version>
+            <scope>compile</scope>
+        </dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.locationtech.jts</groupId>
+			<artifactId>jts-core</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>io.github.earcut4j</groupId>
+			<artifactId>earcut4j</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
 	</dependencies>
 	<build>
 		<resources>
@@ -84,7 +104,8 @@
 					<prefix>git</prefix>
 					<verbose>false</verbose>
 					<generateGitPropertiesFile>true</generateGitPropertiesFile>
-					<generateGitPropertiesFilename>${project.build.outputDirectory}/git.properties</generateGitPropertiesFilename>
+					<generateGitPropertiesFilename>
+						${project.build.outputDirectory}/git.properties</generateGitPropertiesFilename>
 					<gitDescribe>
 						<skip>false</skip>
 						<always>false</always>

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorModel/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/check/HealingMethod.java

@@ -60,10 +60,8 @@ import de.hft.stuttgart.citydoctor2.check.error.UnknownCheckError;
  * @author Matthias Betz
  *
  */
-@SuppressWarnings("unused")
 public interface HealingMethod {
 	
-	
 	public HealingID getID();
 
 	default boolean visit(CheckError e, ModificationListener l) {

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorModel/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/datastructure/AbstractBuilding.java

@@ -374,10 +374,12 @@ public abstract class AbstractBuilding extends CityObject {
 
     public void addStorey(Storey storey) {
         buildingStoreys.add(storey);
+        storey.setParent(this);
     }
 
     public void addBuildingUnit(BuildingUnit buildingUnit) {
         buildingUnits.add(buildingUnit);
+        buildingUnit.setParent(this);
     }
 
     public void setGmlObject(org.citygml4j.core.model.building.AbstractBuilding ab) {

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorModel/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/datastructure/AbstractBuildingSubdivision.java

@@ -29,8 +29,9 @@ public abstract class AbstractBuildingSubdivision extends CityObject {
     private final List<Installation> buildingInstallations = new ArrayList<>(2);
     private final List<BoundarySurface> boundarySurfaceList = new ArrayList<>();
     private final List<BuildingRoom> buildingRooms = new ArrayList<>();
-
     private final List<BuildingRoomFurniture> buildingRoomFurnitureList = new ArrayList<>();
+    private  AbstractBuilding parent;
+
     protected org.citygml4j.core.model.building.AbstractBuildingSubdivision abs;
 
     /**
@@ -52,6 +53,19 @@ public abstract class AbstractBuildingSubdivision extends CityObject {
         return FeatureType.BUILDING_SUBDIVISION;
     }
 
+    public void setParent(AbstractBuilding parent) {
+        this.parent = parent;
+    }
+
+    public AbstractBuilding getParent() {
+        return parent;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public CityObject getTopLevelCityObject() {
+        return getParent().getTopLevelCityObject();
+    }
+
     @Override
     public void unsetGmlGeometries() {
         abs.setLod1Solid(null);

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorModel/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/datastructure/AbstractFurniture.java

@@ -92,6 +92,11 @@ public abstract class AbstractFurniture extends CityObject {
         return af;
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public CityObject getTopLevelCityObject(){
+        return parent;
+    }
+
     public void addBoundarySurface(BoundarySurface boundarySurface) {
         boundarySurfaceList.add(boundarySurface);
         boundarySurface.setParent(this);
@@ -125,6 +130,9 @@ public abstract class AbstractFurniture extends CityObject {
         parent = co;
     }
     
+    public CityObject getParent() {
+		return parent;
+	}
 
     @Override
     public void unsetGmlGeometries() {

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorModel/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/datastructure/AbstractTunnel.java

@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractTunnel extends CityObject {
 
     public void addTunnelConstructiveElement(TunnelConstructiveElement te) {
         tunnelConstructiveElements.add(te);
+        te.setParent(this);
     }
 
     public void addTunnelPart(TunnelPart tunnelPart) {
@@ -368,7 +369,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractTunnel extends CityObject {
         return tunnelHollows;
     }
 
-    public List<TunnelFurniture> getTunnelFurnitureList() {
+    public List<TunnelFurniture> getTunnelFurniture() {
         return tunnelFurnitureList;
     }
 

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorModel/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/datastructure/BoundarySurface.java

@@ -207,6 +207,11 @@ public class BoundarySurface extends CityObject {
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public CityObject getTopLevelCityObject() {
+        return getParent().getTopLevelCityObject();
+    }
+
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         return "BoundarySurface [type=" + type + ", id=" + getGmlId() + "]";

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorModel/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/datastructure/BridgeConstructiveElement.java

@@ -52,12 +52,21 @@ public class BridgeConstructiveElement extends CityObject {
 
     private final org.citygml4j.core.model.bridge.BridgeConstructiveElement gmlBridgeElement;
     private final List<BoundarySurface> boundarySurfaceList = new ArrayList<>();
-
+    private BridgeObject parent;
 
     public BridgeConstructiveElement(org.citygml4j.core.model.bridge.BridgeConstructiveElement gmlObject) {
         this.gmlBridgeElement = gmlObject;
     }
 
+    public void setParent(BridgeObject parent) {
+        this.parent = parent;
+    }
+
+    public BridgeObject getParent() {
+        return parent;
+    }
+
+
     @Override
     public Copyable createCopyInstance() {
         return new BridgeConstructiveElement(gmlBridgeElement);
@@ -244,6 +253,11 @@ public class BridgeConstructiveElement extends CityObject {
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public CityObject getTopLevelCityObject() {
+        return getParent().getTopLevelCityObject();
+    }
+
     @Override
     public FeatureType getFeatureType() {
         return FeatureType.BRIDGE_CONSTRUCTION_ELEMENT;

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorModel/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/datastructure/BridgeObject.java

@@ -52,13 +52,28 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
     private final List<BridgeConstructiveElement> elements = new ArrayList<>(2);
     private final List<BoundarySurface> boundarySurfaces = new ArrayList<>(2);
     private final List<Installation> bridgeInstallations = new ArrayList<>(2);
+    private final List<BridgeRoomFurniture> bridgeFurniture = new ArrayList<>(2);
     private final List<BridgeRoom> bridgeRooms = new ArrayList<>(2);
     private AbstractBridge ab;
     private BridgeType type;
+    private BridgeObject parent;
 
-    public BridgeObject(BridgeType type, AbstractBridge ab) {
+    public BridgeObject(AbstractBridge ab) {
+        this.ab = ab;
+        this.type = BridgeType.BRIDGE;
+        this.parent = null;
+    }
+
+    public BridgeObject(AbstractBridge ab, BridgeObject parent) {
+        this.ab = ab;
+        this.type = BridgeType.BRIDGE_PART;
+        this.parent = parent;
+    }
+
+    private BridgeObject(BridgeType type, AbstractBridge ab, BridgeObject parent) {
         this.ab = ab;
         this.type = type;
+        this.parent = parent;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -78,6 +93,10 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
         return bridgeRooms;
     }
 
+    public List<BridgeRoomFurniture> getBridgeFurniture() {
+        return bridgeFurniture;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public void reCreateGeometries(GeometryFactory factory, ParserConfiguration config) {
         for (Geometry geom : getGeometries()) {
@@ -107,6 +126,9 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
         for (BridgeRoom br : bridgeRooms) {
             br.reCreateGeometries(factory, config);
         }
+        for (BridgeRoomFurniture bri : bridgeFurniture) {
+            bri.reCreateGeometries(factory, config);
+        }
 
     }
 
@@ -157,6 +179,11 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
         bridgeRooms.add(room);
     }
 
+    public void addBridgeFurniture(BridgeRoomFurniture furniture){
+        bridgeFurniture.add(furniture);
+        furniture.setParent(this);
+    }
+
     @Override
     public void clearAllContainedCheckResults() {
         super.clearAllContainedCheckResults();
@@ -175,6 +202,9 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
         for (BridgeRoom br : bridgeRooms) {
             br.clearAllContainedCheckResults();
         }
+        for (BridgeRoomFurniture bri : bridgeFurniture) {
+            bri.clearAllContainedCheckResults();
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -195,6 +225,9 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
         for (BridgeRoom br : bridgeRooms) {
             br.collectContainedErrors(errors);
         }
+        for (BridgeRoomFurniture bri : bridgeFurniture) {
+            bri.collectContainedErrors(errors);
+        }
 
     }
 
@@ -227,6 +260,11 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
                 return true;
             }
         }
+        for (BridgeRoomFurniture bri : bridgeFurniture) {
+            if (bri.containsAnyError()) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -269,6 +307,11 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
                 return true;
             }
         }
+        for (BridgeRoomFurniture bri : bridgeFurniture) {
+            if (bri.containsError(checkIdentifier)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -303,6 +346,9 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
         for (BridgeRoom br : bridgeRooms) {
             br.accept(c);
         }
+        for (BridgeRoomFurniture bri : bridgeFurniture) {
+            bri.accept(c);
+        }
 
     }
 
@@ -363,9 +409,20 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
         for (BridgeRoom br : bridgeRooms) {
             br.unsetGmlGeometries();
         }
+        for (BridgeRoomFurniture bri : bridgeFurniture) {
+            bri.unsetGmlGeometries();
+        }
 
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public CityObject getTopLevelCityObject() {
+        if (parent != null){
+            return parent.getTopLevelCityObject();
+        }
+        return this;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         return "BridgeObject [type=" + type + ", id=" + getGmlId() + "]";
@@ -390,6 +447,12 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
         for (BridgeObject part : parts) {
             part.prepareForChecking();
         }
+        for (BridgeRoom br : bridgeRooms) {
+            br.prepareForChecking();
+        }
+        for (BridgeRoomFurniture bri : bridgeFurniture) {
+            bri.prepareForChecking();
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -414,6 +477,9 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
         for (BridgeRoom br : bridgeRooms) {
             br.clearMetaInformation();
         }
+        for (BridgeRoomFurniture bri : bridgeFurniture) {
+            bri.clearMetaInformation();
+        }
 
     }
 
@@ -440,6 +506,10 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
             handler.addInstance(br);
         }
 
+        for (BridgeRoomFurniture bri : bridgeFurniture) {
+            handler.addInstance(bri);
+        }
+
     }
 
     public void anonymize() {
@@ -483,6 +553,10 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
             getBridgeRooms().add(handler.getCopyInstance(br));
         }
 
+        for (BridgeRoomFurniture bri : originalBo.bridgeFurniture) {
+            getBridgeFurniture().add(handler.getCopyInstance(bri));
+        }
+
     }
 
     public List<BoundarySurface> getBoundarySurfaces() {
@@ -491,11 +565,12 @@ public class BridgeObject extends CityObject {
 
     public void addConstructiveElement(BridgeConstructiveElement element) {
         getConstructiveElements().add(element);
+        element.setParent(this);
     }
 
     @Override
     public Copyable createCopyInstance() {
-        return new BridgeObject(type, ab);
+        return new BridgeObject(type, ab, parent);
     }
 
     public List<BridgeObject> getParts() {

CityDoctorParent/CityDoctorModel/src/main/java/de/hft/stuttgart/citydoctor2/datastructure/BridgeRoom.java

@@ -37,6 +37,11 @@ public class BridgeRoom extends AbstractRoom {
         parent = handler.getCopyInstance(oRoom.getParent());
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public CityObject getTopLevelCityObject() {
+        return getParent();
+    }
+
     @Override
     public void collectInstances(CopyHandler handler) {
         super.collectInstances(handler);